Читать онлайн книгу "С ума сойти! Путеводитель по психическим расстройствам для жителя большого города"


Warning: mb_convert_encoding(): Unable to detect character encoding in /var/www/u2150601/data/www/ae-books.online/read.php on line 114
!





, : , - . , . , , - , . ?

, . . . , , .

, . - . - , .





, , .





,

!



.

.

.

. , .

.

.

shutterstock.com (https://www.shutterstock.com/ru/)



., ., 2016

, 2022


* * *







. () . , , , , , . , , , , , , , .

, , , , () , , .







- , . , , - . , . , . - .

- . . , , . , , , , , . , , . , . , .

, , , , , .



, ,
(stelazin.livejournal.com (https://stelazin.livejournal.com/))














. ? , , . , , , , . , : , , . ࠖ , .

, : ( ) , . ( ) : , , - , , , , . ࠖ , . , , , . . , .

, 蠖 蠖 , (, , -) ? ? ? , ? ? ? , , , ?

, ? , , , , , . : [1 - Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. (2015). Behavioral health trends in the United States: Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 154927, NSDUH Series H 50). Retrieved from http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (http://www.samhsa.gov/data/).], 堖 [2 - Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of twelve-month DSM IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Archives of General Psychiatry, 2005 Jun; 62(6): 61727.], [3 - Lenzenweger MF, Lane MC, Loranger AW, Kessler RC (2007). DSM IV personality disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry, 62(6), 553564.] [4 - Regier DA, Narrow WE, Rae DS, Manderscheid RW, Locke BZ, Goodwin FK. The de facto mental and addictive disorders service system. Epidemiologic Catchment Area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1993 Feb; 50(2): 8594.]. , : 14,9% 22% - [5 - Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. (2015). Behavioral health trends in the United States: Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 154927, NSDUH Series H 50). Retrieved from http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (http://www.samhsa.gov/data/).].

, . , ( ) . , . , , . , . , , .

, , . , , , , , . : . . , , , . , , . , .

, -, , , . ࠖ , : . -, . , , , , . , .

, . , , . , , : , , , , - , . 砖 , , , .









1

,











, , . , , , . : ,  , 蠖 , , . , , , (, , ). , , 蠖 ( 젖 ࠖ , ).

: , . , , . ࠖ , , [6 - http://ria.ru/society/20141010/1027775155.html (http://ria.ru/society/20141010/1027775155.html).]. , . 堖 , , , , , . , ( ).

, , (), 27% [7 - Kessler RC, Angermeyer M, Anthony Jc, etal. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry. 2007; 6(3): 168176.], , - , ࠖ , , . - , , , , , . , ? , , ? , , , - . , . , . , , .

-, : : , , , , , . ࠖ , - . , gutta_honey, [8 - http://gutta-honey.livejournal.com/113296.html (http://gutta-honey.livejournal.com/113296.html)]. , ( , ), , , . , ,  -, , . 堖 , , . , , : , . ( , ): , . , , . .

, . , . , , , , : , . , , - [9 - Marazziti D, Akiskal HS, Rossi A, Cassano GB. Alteration of the platelet serotonin transporter in romantic love. Psychol Med. 1999 May; 29(3): 7415].

, , 堖 . , . , ? 1992. , , [10 - Bentall RP. A proposal to classify happiness as a psychiatric disorder. Journal of Medical Ethics. 1992; 18(2): 9498]. , 堖 , . 蠖 . , .

, , , . , : , , . , , , - , .

. , , , [11 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Qwp2GdB1M (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Qwp2GdB1M)]. , , , , . , [12 - Dima D, Roiser JP, Dietrich DE, Bonnemann C, Lanfermann H, Emrich HM, Dillo W. Understanding why patients with schizophrenia do not perceive the hollow-mask illusion using dynamic causal modelling. Neuroimage. 2009 Jul 15; 46(4): 11806. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.033. Epub 2009 Mar 24.]. , , . ?

, , . (, ), . , , , . , , , . .

, ࠖ , . , . , , , . , , . , , . , , , .


?

, 堖 . , , , , . . , .

1973. [13 - Rosenhan DL. On being sane in insane places. Science. 1973 Jan 19; 179(4070): 2508.], . ( ) : , , , . , , . : , , , , . , , - : ( ), 19 ( 50). , ⠖ .

堖 . , , - , , , . 42 , , , , - . .

, 1973. 2008. BBC Horizon , . , , , . , ( , - ?) [14 - Progler Y. Mental illness and social stigma: notes on "How Mad Are You?" Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2009; 14(5): 331334.]. , : -, , , , ; -, , , . , , , .

, , , , , . , . , () - (), , , . 頖 [15 - Structural brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder: aselective review of recent MRI studies. J Affect Disord. 2009. Se; 117(12): 117.].

(, , , ). . , , [16 - Contribution of depression to cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Neurologist. 2007 May; 13(3): 10517.]. , , , .


, ?

, , . , , . , , , , . , . , , 堖 :

? : , , , , All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, , ;

? : , ꠖ , , , , , , ( ) ;

? : -, ࠖ , ⠖ , , , ;

? : , , ; - , , , , , 80- , - , , ;

? : , . , , , , , , ;

? : , , - -, , , , , . 蠖 .



, . , , . ࠖ , , , , [17 - American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, p. 20. ISBN9780890425558]. -蠖 . ᠖ : (), .




, , . , ( .).

? , , . , , : , , .. , ! , !. , . , : , , , . : , , . , , ( ), - , .

, , , . , 蠖 - , - , . , , . , . , [18 - Dalgleish T. The emotional brain. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Jul; 5(7): 5839. Review].

( , .), , ( , , , ). . () ; , ; (, !) ; . , , . , , , [19 - Mega MS, Cummings JL, Salloway S, Malloy P. The limbic system: an anatomic, phylogenetic, and clinical perspective. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997 Summer; 9(3): 31530. Review].

. ( ) . ( ). , . . , . , ( ꠖ . ) , ໠ . , , , , , [20 - Robert Sapolsky (2005). "Biology and Human Behavior: The Neurological Origins of Individuality, 2nd edition". The Teaching Company, p. 13 & 14 of Guide Book]. , ⠖ MDMA LSD . : [21 - de la Torre R, Farr M, Roset PN, Pizarro N, Abanades S, Segura M, Segura J, Cam? J. Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and disposition. Ther Drug Monit. 2004 Apr; 26(2): 13744. Review], 堖 [22 - Hofmann A. (1983). LSD, my problem child: Reflections on sacred drugs, mysticism, and science. Los Angeles: J. P. Tarcher. P. 21].

, , , , , ( , .), . . , ( !) ࠖ 0,3%, 150 40- 80[23 - Andersson A, Wirhn A-B, ?lvander C, Ekman DS, Bendtsen P. Alcohol use among university students in Sweden measured by an electronic screening instrument. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:229. doi: 10.1186/147124589229]. , , . 堖 - ( 4)


-. 堖 . , , , .



, // . , , . ( ). ⠖ 5-HT1 5-HT7, A . , , . , , 5-HT2A[24 - Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Feb; 101(2): 13181. Review.] 5-HT2B[25 - Setola V, Hufeisen SJ, Grande-Allen KJ, Vesely I, Glennon RA, Blough B, Rothman RB, Roth BL. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") induces fenfluramine-like proliferative actions on human cardiac valvular interstitial cells in vitro. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Jun; 63(6): 12239]. . 5-HT2A 5-HT2B . , 5-HT2B [26 - Kennett GA, Ainsworth K, Trail B, Blackburn TP. BW 723C86, a 5-HT2B receptor agonist, causes hyperphagia and reduced grooming in rats. Neuropharmacology. 1997 Feb; 36(2): 2339]. , 1997. , [27 - Rothman RB, Baumann MH, Savage JE, Rauser L, McBride A, Hufeisen SJ, Roth BL. Evidence for possible involvement of 5-HT(2B) receptors in the cardiac valvulopathy associated with fenfluramine and other serotonergic medications. Circulation. 2000 Dec 5; 102(23): 283641]. , . , , -.

( ) 蠖 ; , - . , 砖 , , .


. ( ) , . , . , , . , () . ?

? (, ) , . ࠖ , , . , 堖 , ? , 1,6 . ?

? , , . , . , . [28 - Kellett J, Kokkinidis L. Extinction deficit and fear reinstatement after electrical stimulation of the amygdala: implications for kindling-associated fear and anxiety. Neuroscience. 2004; 127(2): 27787]. , , ? , , ?

? , , . ࠖ , . , , , . . , ? , (, )?



. , , . , [29 - Ghaemi SN. The rise and fall of the biopsychosocial model. Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Jul; 195(1): 34. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.063859]. .


? ?

, . , , 24 , . , , - : , , . .

(- ). , . , ( ) . : , . 100, , . , . , , . 蠖 . 頖 , . , , . . , , , . . , , . , , , .


?

, , . .

. 50 . , 35 , 15 , . , , ? ,  . 堖 , . , , : Correlation does not imply causation. , , . : , - , , , .

, . 50 , 50, , ( , ). . : 35 , , , 30. - , .

. XVIII. , ( ) , , [30 - Haygarth, John. (1800). Of the imagination, as a cause and as a cure of disorders of the body; exemplified by fictitious tractors, and epidemical convulsions. Read to the Literary and Philosophical Society of Bath. By John Haygarth, M.D. Bath: printed by R. Cruttwell; and sold by Cadell and Davies, London]. 1955. [31 - Beecher HK. The powerful placebo. J Am Med Assoc. 1955; 159(17): 16026]. , [32 - Howick J, Friedemann C, Tsakok M, etal. Are treatments more effective than placebos? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2013; 8(5): e62599]. , - 35% [33 - Linde K, F?ssler M, Meissner K. Placebo interventions, placebo effects and clinical practice. Philos Trans R Soc Lond, B, Biol Sci. 2011; 366(1572): 190512], , , . , , [34 - Scott DJ, Stohler CS, Egnatuk CM, Wang H, Koeppe RA, Zubieta JK. Placebo and nocebo effects are defined by opposite opioid and dopaminergic responses. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008; 65(2): 22031],[35 - Oken BS. Placebo effects: clinical aspects and neurobiology. Brain. 2008; 131(Pt 11): 281223.],[36 - Matre D, Casey KL, Knardahl S. Placebo-induced changes in spinal cord pain processing. J Neurosci. 2006; 26(2): 55963],[37 - Qiu YH, Wu XY, Xu H, Sackett D. Neuroimaging study of placebo analgesia in humans. Neurosci Bull. 2009; 25(5): 27782],[38 - Zubieta JK, Stohler CS. Neurobiological mechanisms of placebo responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1156: 198210],[39 - Lidstone SC, Stoessl AJ. Understanding the placebo effect: contributions from neuroimaging. Mol Imaging Biol. 2007; 9(4): 17685]. , , , , . ,  -. , . , 堖 - . -廠 . , , , . . 廠 . , . , , . , , , ,  [40 - Misra S. Randomized double blind placebo control studies, the "Gold Standard" in intervention based studies. Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2012; 33(2): 131134]. ( ) . . , / / , , .




:


, , . ⠖ , , , . .




젖 , 1940- . , , 蠖 , . . 堖 , , .

, , . . , -. 1960- . , , , 1958-[41 - Levine R. A Real Mental Ward Becomes A Movie 'Cuckoo's Nest'. The NewYork Times. April 13, 1975. http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/movies/bestpictures/cuckoo-ar1.html (http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/movies/bestpictures/cuckoo-ar1.html). Accessed Feb 25, 2016]. , (, , ) . ( , , ) 1950- ., . , . : 1961., 9284 , , 69% , 6%[42 - Tooth GC, and Newton, MP: Leukotomy in England and Wales 19421954. London, Her Majesty's Stationary Office, 1961]. , , 蠖 , -, . , 1949-, , [43 - Jansson B. Controversial Psychosurgery Resulted in a Nobel Prize. Nobel Media AB2014. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/moniz-article.html (http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/moniz-article.html). Accessed Feb 25, 2016]. , , . - 56 . , ( , , ) 57% . , [44 - Soares MS, Paiva WS, Guertzenstein EZ, etal. Psychosurgery for schizophrenia: history and perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2013; 9: 509515].

, [45 - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQa_sg4zN88 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQa_sg4zN88)], (). , , . , , . , [46 - Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: asystematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2003; 361(9360): 799808]. [47 - Fitzgerald PB. Non-pharmacological biological treatment approaches to difficult-to-treat depression. Med J Aust. 2013; 199(6 Suppl): 4851], [48 - Task Force on Electroconvulsive Therapy. The practice of electroconvulsive therapy: recommendations for treatment, training, and privileging. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2001.], . ( [49 - MacQueen G, Parkin C, Marriott M, Bgin H, Hasey G. The long-term impact of treatment with electroconvulsive therapy on discrete memory systems in patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 2007; 32(4): 241249]) [50 - Coentre R, Barrocas D, Chendo I, etal. [Electroconvulsive therapy: myths and evidences]. Acta Med Port. 2009; 22(3): 27580] [51 - Cristancho MA, Alici Y, Augoustides JG, O'reardon JP. Uncommon but serious complications associated with electroconvulsive therapy: recognition and management for the clinician. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2008; 10(6): 47480], , , [52 - Wilkins KM, Ostroff R, Tampi RR. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of nondepressed psychiatric illness in elderly patients: areview of the literature. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2008; 21(1): 311]. , , [53 - Golenkov A, Ungvari GS, Gazdag G. Public attitudes towards electroconvulsive therapy in the Chuvash Republic. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2012; 58(3): 28994]. . , , . , - , , , , : , , , [54 - Martin CD. Ernest Hemingway: apsychological autopsy of a suicide. Psychiatry. 2006; 69(4): 35161],[55 - Swartz C. Electroconvulsive and Neuromodulation Therapies. Cambridge University Press; 2009. P. 185187],. , , , , [56 - Leopold T. (2016, November 18), Sam Phillips, Elvis and the invention of rock 'n' roll, CNN, Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/18/entertainment/sam-phillips-sun-records-guralnick-feat/ (http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/18/entertainment/sam-phillips-sun-records-guralnick-feat/). Accessed February 24, 2016], - [57 - Rawsthorn A. Yves Saint Laurent, a biography. Nan A. Talese; 1996], [58 - The Atlantic Monthly; January 1996; Bud's Bubble; Volume 277, No. 1; pages 99102].




, - . , , , , - . , , , ( 2008. , , , $1 [59 - Gardiner H. & Carey B., Researchers Fail to Reveal Full Drug Pay, The NewYork Times, Jun 8, 2008]). , , , : , , .

, , , : , . 蠖 , . , , . , 堖 .  .




. , : . , - , , ? , , ? , ( , ), , : .

, , , , , 2013., 57 , , 42% [60 - . , (6 2013., 09:35). http://psychiatr.ru/news/192 (http://psychiatr.ru/news/192)]. , , - . , , .

蠖 , , , . , . ⠖ , , . , , , , .




, , , ! , , . : , . , , . ( ), , ?

, , , . , : , , , ( , : ). , , , , , . . , , , , , , ; . ( , , ) .




, (: , , ). , ࠖ , , , , , , , . : , ? , ( !) ( , , ).

, , , ( ), , 堖 . , - , , . , , , !, . , , . 蠖 , , .







⠖ , . : (), (, ), ( ) . : , , , . , , , , XIX., . , . , , . XIX. . :

? . , [61 - Reininghaus U, Priebe S, Bentall RP. Testing the Psychopathology of Psychosis: Evidence for a General Psychosis Dimension. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2013; 39(4): 884895]. 젖 -⠖ 2013., ໠ , , , ࠖ , [62 - Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: agenome-wide analysis. Lancet. 2013; 381(9875): 13719.].

? 頖 . , 26% [63 - Maj M. Psychiatric comorbidity: an artefact of current diagnostic systems?. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;186: 1824.].

? . , - , [64 - . .].

? (, )[65 - Reininghaus U, Priebe S, Bentall RP. Testing the Psychopathology of Psychosis: Evidence for a General Psychosis Dimension. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2013; 39(4): 884895], , .



, , . , . 11- ( ) DSM V ( , ). 蠖 , , .




. , ( ), ( , ) (, , , ).




.


.

, (https://www.litres.ru/anton-zayniev/s-uma-soyti-putevoditel-po-psihicheskim-rasstroystvam-dlya-z/) .

Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, , , , PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI , .



notes








1


Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. (2015). Behavioral health trends in the United States: Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 154927, NSDUH Series H 50). Retrieved from http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (http://www.samhsa.gov/data/).




2


Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of twelve-month DSM IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Archives of General Psychiatry, 2005 Jun; 62(6): 61727.




3


Lenzenweger MF, Lane MC, Loranger AW, Kessler RC (2007). DSM IV personality disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry, 62(6), 553564.




4


Regier DA, Narrow WE, Rae DS, Manderscheid RW, Locke BZ, Goodwin FK. The de facto mental and addictive disorders service system. Epidemiologic Catchment Area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1993 Feb; 50(2): 8594.




5


Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. (2015). Behavioral health trends in the United States: Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 154927, NSDUH Series H 50). Retrieved from http://www.samhsa.gov/data/ (http://www.samhsa.gov/data/).




6


http://ria.ru/society/20141010/1027775155.html (http://ria.ru/society/20141010/1027775155.html).




7


Kessler RC, Angermeyer M, Anthony Jc, etal. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry. 2007; 6(3): 168176.




8


http://gutta-honey.livejournal.com/113296.html (http://gutta-honey.livejournal.com/113296.html)




9


Marazziti D, Akiskal HS, Rossi A, Cassano GB. Alteration of the platelet serotonin transporter in romantic love. Psychol Med. 1999 May; 29(3): 7415




10


Bentall RP. A proposal to classify happiness as a psychiatric disorder. Journal of Medical Ethics. 1992; 18(2): 9498




11


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Qwp2GdB1M (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Qwp2GdB1M)




12


Dima D, Roiser JP, Dietrich DE, Bonnemann C, Lanfermann H, Emrich HM, Dillo W. Understanding why patients with schizophrenia do not perceive the hollow-mask illusion using dynamic causal modelling. Neuroimage. 2009 Jul 15; 46(4): 11806. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.033. Epub 2009 Mar 24.




13


Rosenhan DL. On being sane in insane places. Science. 1973 Jan 19; 179(4070): 2508.




14


Progler Y. Mental illness and social stigma: notes on "How Mad Are You?" Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2009; 14(5): 331334.




15


Structural brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder: aselective review of recent MRI studies. J Affect Disord. 2009. Se; 117(12): 117.




16


Contribution of depression to cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Neurologist. 2007 May; 13(3): 10517.




17


American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, p. 20. ISBN9780890425558




18


Dalgleish T. The emotional brain. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Jul; 5(7): 5839. Review




19


Mega MS, Cummings JL, Salloway S, Malloy P. The limbic system: an anatomic, phylogenetic, and clinical perspective. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997 Summer; 9(3): 31530. Review




20


Robert Sapolsky (2005). "Biology and Human Behavior: The Neurological Origins of Individuality, 2nd edition". The Teaching Company, p. 13 & 14 of Guide Book




21


de la Torre R, Farr M, Roset PN, Pizarro N, Abanades S, Segura M, Segura J, Cam? J. Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and disposition. Ther Drug Monit. 2004 Apr; 26(2): 13744. Review




22


Hofmann A. (1983). LSD, my problem child: Reflections on sacred drugs, mysticism, and science. Los Angeles: J. P. Tarcher. P. 21




23


Andersson A, Wirhn A-B, ?lvander C, Ekman DS, Bendtsen P. Alcohol use among university students in Sweden measured by an electronic screening instrument. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:229. doi: 10.1186/147124589229




24


Nichols DE. Hallucinogens. Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Feb; 101(2): 13181. Review.




25


Setola V, Hufeisen SJ, Grande-Allen KJ, Vesely I, Glennon RA, Blough B, Rothman RB, Roth BL. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") induces fenfluramine-like proliferative actions on human cardiac valvular interstitial cells in vitro. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Jun; 63(6): 12239




26


Kennett GA, Ainsworth K, Trail B, Blackburn TP. BW 723C86, a 5-HT2B receptor agonist, causes hyperphagia and reduced grooming in rats. Neuropharmacology. 1997 Feb; 36(2): 2339




27


Rothman RB, Baumann MH, Savage JE, Rauser L, McBride A, Hufeisen SJ, Roth BL. Evidence for possible involvement of 5-HT(2B) receptors in the cardiac valvulopathy associated with fenfluramine and other serotonergic medications. Circulation. 2000 Dec 5; 102(23): 283641




28


Kellett J, Kokkinidis L. Extinction deficit and fear reinstatement after electrical stimulation of the amygdala: implications for kindling-associated fear and anxiety. Neuroscience. 2004; 127(2): 27787




29


Ghaemi SN. The rise and fall of the biopsychosocial model. Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Jul; 195(1): 34. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.063859




30


Haygarth, John. (1800). Of the imagination, as a cause and as a cure of disorders of the body; exemplified by fictitious tractors, and epidemical convulsions. Read to the Literary and Philosophical Society of Bath. By John Haygarth, M.D. Bath: printed by R. Cruttwell; and sold by Cadell and Davies, London




31


Beecher HK. The powerful placebo. J Am Med Assoc. 1955; 159(17): 16026




32


Howick J, Friedemann C, Tsakok M, etal. Are treatments more effective than placebos? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2013; 8(5): e62599




33


Linde K, F?ssler M, Meissner K. Placebo interventions, placebo effects and clinical practice. Philos Trans R Soc Lond, B, Biol Sci. 2011; 366(1572): 190512




34


Scott DJ, Stohler CS, Egnatuk CM, Wang H, Koeppe RA, Zubieta JK. Placebo and nocebo effects are defined by opposite opioid and dopaminergic responses. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008; 65(2): 22031




35


Oken BS. Placebo effects: clinical aspects and neurobiology. Brain. 2008; 131(Pt 11): 281223.




36


Matre D, Casey KL, Knardahl S. Placebo-induced changes in spinal cord pain processing. J Neurosci. 2006; 26(2): 55963




37


Qiu YH, Wu XY, Xu H, Sackett D. Neuroimaging study of placebo analgesia in humans. Neurosci Bull. 2009; 25(5): 27782




38


Zubieta JK, Stohler CS. Neurobiological mechanisms of placebo responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1156: 198210




39


Lidstone SC, Stoessl AJ. Understanding the placebo effect: contributions from neuroimaging. Mol Imaging Biol. 2007; 9(4): 17685




40


Misra S. Randomized double blind placebo control studies, the "Gold Standard" in intervention based studies. Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2012; 33(2): 131134




41


Levine R. A Real Mental Ward Becomes A Movie 'Cuckoo's Nest'. The NewYork Times. April 13, 1975. http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/movies/bestpictures/cuckoo-ar1.html (http://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/movies/bestpictures/cuckoo-ar1.html). Accessed Feb 25, 2016




42


Tooth GC, and Newton, MP: Leukotomy in England and Wales 19421954. London, Her Majesty's Stationary Office, 1961




43


Jansson B. Controversial Psychosurgery Resulted in a Nobel Prize. Nobel Media AB2014. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/moniz-article.html (http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/moniz-article.html). Accessed Feb 25, 2016




44


Soares MS, Paiva WS, Guertzenstein EZ, etal. Psychosurgery for schizophrenia: history and perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2013; 9: 509515




45


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQa_sg4zN88 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQa_sg4zN88)




46


Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: asystematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2003; 361(9360): 799808




47


Fitzgerald PB. Non-pharmacological biological treatment approaches to difficult-to-treat depression. Med J Aust. 2013; 199(6 Suppl): 4851




48


Task Force on Electroconvulsive Therapy. The practice of electroconvulsive therapy: recommendations for treatment, training, and privileging. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2001.




49


MacQueen G, Parkin C, Marriott M, Bgin H, Hasey G. The long-term impact of treatment with electroconvulsive therapy on discrete memory systems in patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 2007; 32(4): 241249




50


Coentre R, Barrocas D, Chendo I, etal. [Electroconvulsive therapy: myths and evidences]. Acta Med Port. 2009; 22(3): 27580




51


Cristancho MA, Alici Y, Augoustides JG, O'reardon JP. Uncommon but serious complications associated with electroconvulsive therapy: recognition and management for the clinician. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2008; 10(6): 47480




52


Wilkins KM, Ostroff R, Tampi RR. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of nondepressed psychiatric illness in elderly patients: areview of the literature. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2008; 21(1): 311




53


Golenkov A, Ungvari GS, Gazdag G. Public attitudes towards electroconvulsive therapy in the Chuvash Republic. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2012; 58(3): 28994




54


Martin CD. Ernest Hemingway: apsychological autopsy of a suicide. Psychiatry. 2006; 69(4): 35161




55


Swartz C. Electroconvulsive and Neuromodulation Therapies. Cambridge University Press; 2009. P. 185187




56


Leopold T. (2016, November 18), Sam Phillips, Elvis and the invention of rock 'n' roll, CNN, Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/18/entertainment/sam-phillips-sun-records-guralnick-feat/ (http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/18/entertainment/sam-phillips-sun-records-guralnick-feat/). Accessed February 24, 2016




57


Rawsthorn A. Yves Saint Laurent, a biography. Nan A. Talese; 1996




58


The Atlantic Monthly; January 1996; Bud's Bubble; Volume 277, No. 1; pages 99102




59


Gardiner H. & Carey B., Researchers Fail to Reveal Full Drug Pay, The NewYork Times, Jun 8, 2008




60


. , (6 2013., 09:35). http://psychiatr.ru/news/192 (http://psychiatr.ru/news/192)




61


Reininghaus U, Priebe S, Bentall RP. Testing the Psychopathology of Psychosis: Evidence for a General Psychosis Dimension. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2013; 39(4): 884895




62


Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: agenome-wide analysis. Lancet. 2013; 381(9875): 13719.




63


Maj M. Psychiatric comorbidity: an artefact of current diagnostic systems?. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;186: 1824.




64


. .




65


Reininghaus U, Priebe S, Bentall RP. Testing the Psychopathology of Psychosis: Evidence for a General Psychosis Dimension. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2013; 39(4): 884895



Если текст книги отсутствует, перейдите по ссылке

Возможные причины отсутствия книги:
1. Книга снята с продаж по просьбе правообладателя
2. Книга ещё не поступила в продажу и пока недоступна для чтения

Навигация